科技英語讀寫-方法與實踐

前言

　　一．指導思想　　根據(jù)《高等學校英語專業(yè)英語教學大綱（2000年）》的要求，21世紀英語專業(yè)人才應該打好扎實的英語語言基礎，牢固掌握英語專業(yè)知識，同時要拓寬人文學科知識和科學知識，并具有獲取知識的能力、獨立思考的能力和創(chuàng)新能力。英語專業(yè)基礎階段的課程設置與教學任務主要圍繞聽、說、讀、寫、譯技能和方法的訓練，為進入高年級打下扎實的基礎。大綱強調，高年級的主要教學任務之一仍然是打好語言基本功，語言技能的訓練應自始至終貫穿四年的教學過程。　　那么，英語專業(yè)到了高級階段，如何在有限的學時內繼續(xù)加強語言技能的訓練，又拓寬學生的文化知識和科學知識，同時又在教學中貫徹素質教育的理念，培養(yǎng)學生的獨立思考能力和創(chuàng)新能力，提高他們的文化素質和心理素質呢這一問題直接關系到教學理念的更新、課程設置的調整，及教學內容和方法的改革。　　在新世紀英語教學大綱的指導下，我們對英語專業(yè)高年級階段的教學任務與目標進行了認真思考。認為英語教學到了高級階段，語言技能的訓練應該為學生在今后實際工作中用英語進行真正意義上的信息交流和學術交流打下堅實基礎。也就是說，高級階段的英語技能訓練不是為學習而學習，而是為了使用而學習，使英語成為信息交流、思想交流和學術交流的有效工具?！　〕鲇谶@一指導思想，我們在北京理工大學教務處的大力支持下，著手編寫這本《科技英語讀寫——方法與實踐》一書，作為我校英語專業(yè)的特色教材之一，并試圖填補英語專業(yè)科技英語教材的空白?！　【帉懘私滩牡闹饕康挠兴膫€方面：　　1．繼續(xù)培養(yǎng)學生的英語技能，但語言技能的培養(yǎng)上升到語篇和語體的層面。使學生熟悉科技文章的體裁特征、語篇特征和語體特征，增強英語語體意識，提高語言鑒賞能力?！　?．培養(yǎng)學生用英語獲取知識和信息的能力和效率。指導并訓練學生閱讀原版英語科技期刊文章，從而使他們掌握一套以獲取知識和信息為目的的有效閱讀方法?！　?．提高學生的英語應用能力和產出能力。引導學生對獲取的信息進行分析、思考和運用?！　?．拓寬學生的科技視野和學術視野，擴大知識面。激發(fā)學生積極、深入地思考問題，培養(yǎng)科學、嚴謹和創(chuàng)造性思維方式。

內容概要

　　《科技英語讀寫：方法與實踐》是關于“科技英語讀寫”方面知識的閱讀教學專著，《科技英語讀寫：方法與實踐》分兩大部分：第一部分是Reading your way into technical writing，由11個單元組成，是教材的主體；第二部分 Extending your scope of reading，由11篇文章組成，供學生進行課外閱讀。 第一部分每個單元由Objectives；Preparing for reading；Surveying；Reading；Analyzingmacro structure；Grasping essential points；Understanding language feathres；Organizingdetails；Responding to the text和Writing 10大塊內容構成。

書籍目錄

Part oneReading your way into tecnicalUnit 1 Getting Started： Identifying and Solving a Problem Ten Techniques for Activating the Spirit and Reducing StressUnit 2 Examining the Nature of a Familiar Phenomenon TV Addiction Versus Substance DependenceUnit 3 Analyzing and Preventing a Disease InfluenzaUnit 4 Explaining a Mechanism Why We Sleep： A BiologicalPerspectiveUnit 5 Presenting and Illustrating an Argument Global Versus Local Issues in Noise Control PolicyUnit 6 Offering a Critical Review Hotel DesignUnit 7 Debating a New Technology Seeds of ConcernUnit 8 Drawing Inferences and Framing Hypotheses The Unearthly Landscapes of Mars： the Red Planet Is No Dead PlanetUnit 9 Testing a Hypothesis The Value of Positive EmotionsUnit 10 Applying a Clean Technology Fuel CellsUnit 11 Undertaking a Research Project Assessing the Attitudes and Behaviors of Pedestrians and Drivers in Traffic SituationsPart twoExtending your scope o- reading1. Engineering Education2. The Nature of Emotions3. Fighting HIV with HIV4. Aging： A Biological Perspective5. The Problems with Relying on Technology6. As One Door Closes7. Technology and the Humanities8. Framing Hypotheses： A Cautioncry Tale9. The Kindness of Strangers10. Non-medical Lasers： Everyday Life in a New Light11. Driver Inattention， Driver Distraction and Traffic CrashesKey to part oneKey topart

章節(jié)摘錄

　　Task 7　　Read thefollowing extended definition oflasers and determine whatinformation is included and how the details are organized．　　Whaf Is a Laser？　　Laser is an acronym for“l(fā)ight amplification by stimulated emission of radiation．”Radiation，in this case，is another word for electromagnetic energy，which includes light．　　Laser light has several properties that make it different from regular light．First，it is often collimated，which means it travels in a narrow beam for long distances，rather than going off in many direc tions as regular light does．　　Laser light is also coherent，which means that the light waves stay synchronized over long distances．And it is monochromatic，of one color．Some laser beams are invisible，producing light in the infrared or ultraviolet wavelengths．　　A laser can produce a short burst of light or a continuous beam．Because it can focus narrowly，laser light can be much more intense than regular light，especially in bursts．Laser beams range in power from a few microwatts to several billion watts in short bursts．　　It was Albert Einstein who first conceived of laser light．In 1917，he theorized that atoms could be stimulated to release energy with a specific wavelength and direction．But it wasn’t until 1960 that Theodore Mainman，an American scientist，put together the first successful laser．　　Like Mainman’s invention，many lasers today contain three major parts．First，there’s a cylinder-shaped rod called the lasing medium．Mainman used a synthetic crystal ruby，but today’s lasing mediums are often glass tubes filled with liquid or gases such as helium，neon，argon，and carbon dioxide．　　Second，a laser has a power supply that excites the atoms in the lasing medium with energy．The power supply charges the atoms to their capacity，eventually causing them to release photons in one wavelength and direction．

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