精要雙語人體解剖學(xué)

前言

　　隨著我國對(duì)外交流的日益增多以及醫(yī)藥科技的迅速發(fā)展，專業(yè)英語在醫(yī)藥相關(guān)人員學(xué)習(xí)與工作中的重要性日益受到重視。教育部在《關(guān)于加強(qiáng)高等學(xué)校本科教學(xué)工作，提高教學(xué)質(zhì)量的若干意見》中提出：“為適應(yīng)經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化和科技革命的挑戰(zhàn)，本科教育中要?jiǎng)?chuàng)造條件使用英語等外文進(jìn)行公共課和專業(yè)課教學(xué)”。人體解剖學(xué)是重要的基礎(chǔ)醫(yī)學(xué)課程之一，人體解剖學(xué)名詞構(gòu)成醫(yī)學(xué)名詞的重要組成部分。目前，國內(nèi)近1／3的高等醫(yī)藥院校開設(shè)了人體解剖學(xué)課程的英漢雙語教學(xué)或全英文教學(xué)；同時(shí)，許多院校還招收了來自東南亞地區(qū)的留學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)醫(yī)學(xué)。根據(jù)筆者的教學(xué)體會(huì)及對(duì)學(xué)生的調(diào)查，發(fā)現(xiàn)在人體解剖學(xué)課程雙語或全英文教學(xué)中，學(xué)生對(duì)解剖學(xué)基本知識(shí)點(diǎn)的理解與掌握難以達(dá)到預(yù)期的目標(biāo)。正是基于以上原因，本人于五年前開始組織編寫“Essential Bilingual Human Anatomy”《精要雙語人體解剖學(xué)》?！　闈M足廣大讀者的需求，在人民衛(wèi)生出版社的大力支持下，由六所高等醫(yī)藥院校長期從事人體解剖學(xué)教學(xué)的專家編寫了這本《精要雙語人體解剖學(xué)》。本書可供基礎(chǔ)醫(yī)學(xué)、臨床醫(yī)學(xué)、口腔醫(yī)學(xué)、麻醉學(xué)、醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)、護(hù)理學(xué)等專業(yè)的本科生、研究生和留學(xué)生使用，也可為醫(yī)學(xué)院校教學(xué)人員和臨床醫(yī)護(hù)人員參考?！　橛兄谧x者對(duì)英漢雙語教學(xué)或英語教學(xué)內(nèi)容的學(xué)習(xí)與理解，本書在內(nèi)容編排和形式上有以下特點(diǎn)：　　1.將人體按頭部、頸部、胸部、腹部、盆部、背部、上肢與下肢的順序編排，每個(gè)部分又分為若干個(gè)相對(duì)獨(dú)立又相互聯(lián)系的單元?！　?.將系統(tǒng)解剖和局部解剖知識(shí)結(jié)合到每個(gè)單元內(nèi)，如：腹壁相關(guān)的骨骼肌、動(dòng)脈供應(yīng)、靜脈淋巴回流、神經(jīng)支配、局部結(jié)構(gòu)等，自成體系，突出英文描述。

內(nèi)容概要

本書可供基礎(chǔ)醫(yī)學(xué)、臨床醫(yī)學(xué)、口腔醫(yī)學(xué)、麻醉學(xué)、醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)、護(hù)理學(xué)等專業(yè)的本科生、研究生和留學(xué)生使用，也可為醫(yī)學(xué)院校教學(xué)人員和臨床醫(yī)護(hù)人員參考。     本書將人體按頭部、頸部、胸部、腹部、盆部、背部、上肢與下肢的順序編排，每個(gè)部分又分為若干個(gè)相對(duì)獨(dú)立又相互聯(lián)系的單元。將系統(tǒng)解剖和局部解剖知識(shí)結(jié)合到每個(gè)單元內(nèi)，如：腹壁相關(guān)的骨骼肌、動(dòng)脈供應(yīng)、靜脈淋巴回流、神經(jīng)支配、局部結(jié)構(gòu)等，自成體系，突出英文描述。每個(gè)單元內(nèi)的骨骼肌、神經(jīng)、脈管等，分別根據(jù)其各自特性進(jìn)行英文解釋。每個(gè)單元后簡要介紹了臨床常見病、多發(fā)病的概念，以及公認(rèn)的診療技術(shù)與手段，與每個(gè)單元的內(nèi)容相呼應(yīng)。書末附有英漢索引，便于讀者查閱。充分體現(xiàn)了科學(xué)性、系統(tǒng)性、創(chuàng)新性與實(shí)用性。

書籍目錄

Introduction1.Head&Neck頭部與頸部  1.1 AnteriorTriangle ofthe Neck頸前三角  1.2 Posterior Triangle ofthe Neck頸后三角  1.3 Skull&Brain顱與腦  1.4 Carotid Sheath，Pharynx&Larynx頸動(dòng)脈鞘、咽與喉  1.5 Face面部  1.6 Infratemporal Fossa顳下窩  1.7 Submandibular Region，Nasal&Oral Cavities下頜下區(qū)、鼻腔與口腔  1.8 Ear耳  1.9 Eye眼2.Thorax胸部  2.1 Pectoral Region胸區(qū)  2.2 Thoracic Wall，Pleura&Pericardium胸壁、胸膜與心包  2.3 Heart心臟  2.4 Lungs&Superior Mediastinum肺、上縱隔  2.5 PosteriorMediastinum后縱隔3.Abdomen腹部  3.1 Abdominal Wan腹壁  3.2 Inguinal Region腹股溝區(qū)  3.3 Peritoneal Cavity&Intestines腹膜腔與腸  3.4 Stomach&Spleen胃、脾  3.5 Duodenum，Pancreas，Liver＆Biliary System十二指腸、胰、肝與膽道系統(tǒng)  3.6 Kidneys&Retroperitoneum腎與腹膜后區(qū)4.Pelvis盆部  4.1 Pelvis Cavity and Its Coments盆腔及其內(nèi)容  4.2 Pelvic Wall&Floor骨盆壁與骨盆底  4.3 Perineum&External Genitalia會(huì)陰與外生殖器5.Back背部  5.1 Superficial Back背部淺層  5.2 Deep Back&Spinal Cord背部深層、脊髓6.Lower Limb下肢  6.1 Superficial Structures of the Lower Limb下肢淺層結(jié)構(gòu)  6.2 Anterior&MedialThigh股前區(qū)與股內(nèi)側(cè)區(qū)  6.3 Hip&PosteriorThigh臀區(qū)與股后區(qū)  6.4 Leg小腿  6.5 Foot足  6.6 Joints ofLower Limb下肢的連結(jié)7.Upper Limb上肢  7.1 Shoulder&Superficial Upper Limb肩與上肢淺層  7.2 Axilla，Arm&Cubital Fossa腋窩、手臂與肘窩  7.3 Forearm&Wrist前臂與手腕  7.4 Hand手  7.5 Joints ofthe Upper Limb上肢的連結(jié)Indexs

章節(jié)摘錄

　　Nerves that exit directly from the brain are said to be cranial nerves.Nerves that exit directly from the spinal cord are said to be spinal nerves.　　The PNS consists of the cranial and spinal nerves （with their branches） and that part of theautonomic nervous system （ 自主神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)） associated with spinal nerves.　　A detailed consideration of brain and spinal cord structure is the province of neuro-anatomists. Gross anatomists are concerned with the PNS. An understanding of the innervationof specific organs is one of the most clinically important tasks facing a student of medicine.　　2. Efferent versus Afferent, Motor Versus Sensory　　The difference between the efferent and afferent, or motor and sensory, portions of thenervous system is defined functionally. Any nerve fiber that carries information from the CNSout to other tissues of the body is defined as an efferent fiber （傳出纖維）, and along with its cellbody it constitutes an efferent neuron. Any nerve fiber that carries information from other tissuesof the body into the CNS is defined as an afferent fiber （傳入纖維）, and along with its cell bodyit constitutes an afferent neuron. Most efferent neurons are concerned with innervating glandsand muscles-the motor tissues of the body. This large subset of efferent neurons comprises themotor （運(yùn)動(dòng)） portion of the peripheral nervous system. Most afferent information coming intothe CNS is capable of reaching consciousness. Touch, temperature, pressure, vibration, stretch,and pain are sensory modalities familiar to all of us. The large subset of afferent neurons carryinginformation that can reach consciousness comprises the sensory （感覺）part of the peripheralnervous system.　　3. Visceral Versus Somatic Neurons　　Among the motor tissues of the body a major distinction can be made between striatedvoluntary muscle, on the one hand, and smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands, on the other.Striated voluntary muscle composes the so-called somatic motor tissue of the body. Smoothmuscle, cardiac muscle, and glands constitute the visceral motor tissue. More generally, anydissectible structure formed largely of visceral motor tissue is said to be a visceral structure.All other structures, whether formed of striated voluntary muscle or simply connective tissue,are said to be somatic structures. Most of the body wall is composed of somatic structures,only its vasculature, arrector pili muscles, sweat glands, and sebaceous glands being visceral.On the other hand, all the internal organs of the body are visceral structures. Nerve fibers thatstimulate striated muscle tissue are said to be somatic motor fibers （身體運(yùn)動(dòng)纖維）.

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