生物化工與制藥專業(yè)英語

前言

　　隨著生物技術(shù)應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域的深入、生化制藥產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展以及國際交流的日益緊密，社會對生物工程及制藥人才的素質(zhì)要求越來越高，既掌握專業(yè)技能，又能熟練地掌握專業(yè)英語的人才受到眾多企業(yè)尤其是中外合資企業(yè)的歡迎。為適應(yīng)新時期高職高專生化與制藥專業(yè)對學(xué)生的能力培養(yǎng)和綜合素質(zhì)的要求，全國高等職業(yè)教育化工專業(yè)教材編審委員會和化學(xué)工業(yè)出版社組織全國部分高等院校編寫本書。本教材被江蘇省教育廳立項為江蘇省高等學(xué)校精品教材進行建設(shè)?！　”窘滩奶攸c如下：　　1.從內(nèi)容上改變已往專業(yè)英語教材難度大，內(nèi)容晦澀，課文背景解釋少的缺點，對文章中較長英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)做了剖析與翻譯，并附加文章背景知識與閱讀材料。　　2.從形式上改變已往專業(yè)英語教材單詞的注釋都在文章后的方式，避免大量的單詞引起學(xué)生的畏懼。本教材把單詞注釋與文章展開同步，不僅可以避免這一缺點，而且可以更好地通過閱讀記憶單詞?！　”窘滩挠尚熘莨I(yè)職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院吳昊和喬德陽主編。全書分為5個單元共21章，參加編寫的有：徐州工程學(xué)院曹丹丹編寫第一單元第1、2章，南京化工職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院沈建華編寫第二單元第3、4、5章，天津渤海職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院孫皓編寫第三單元第6章，徐州工業(yè)職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院吳昊編寫第三單元第7、8、9、11章，徐州工業(yè)職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院甘聃編寫第三單元第10章，山西生物應(yīng)用職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院黨莉編寫第三單元第12章，徐州工業(yè)職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院喬德陽編寫第四單元第13、15章，徐州工業(yè)職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院張達志編寫第四單元第14章，常州工程職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院吳玲編寫第四單元第16章，徐州工業(yè)職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院阮浩編寫第四單元第17、19章，江蘇省徐州醫(yī)藥高等職業(yè)學(xué)校江君編寫第四單元第18章，徐州工業(yè)職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院李宗磊編寫第五單元第20、21章。全書由吳昊統(tǒng)稿?！　”緯帉戇^程中，參考了大量的相關(guān)書籍和資料，在此謹向作者致以由衷的謝意。本書編寫得到了編者所在單位的大力支持和同事們的熱情幫助，從而保證了編寫出版工作的順利進行，在此表示衷心的感謝?！　∮捎诰帉憰r間緊迫和編者水平有限，疏漏和不妥之處在所難免，懇請廣大讀者和同行提出寶貴意見，以便進一步修改和完善。

內(nèi)容概要

本書系江蘇省精品教材系列，全書共分6單元21章，講述了生物化工的相關(guān)知識，及信息檢索等內(nèi)容，每章后都附有單詞、短語解釋，以及疑難長句注釋，課后有練習(xí)題和原文的翻譯參考。全書內(nèi)容涉及面廣，具有較強的實用性、可讀性和趣味性，可提高讀者的學(xué)習(xí)興趣，幫助讀者盡快掌握專業(yè)英語書刊的閱讀技巧，了解文獻檢索及寫作知識。     本書可作為高職高專院校各相關(guān)專業(yè)的教學(xué)用書，也可供從事相關(guān)工作的人員學(xué)習(xí)、閱讀。

書籍目錄

Unit 1 Preface 　Chapter 1 Translation skills 　Chapter 2 Special English word-formation 　　　Reading material Unit 2 Fundamental chemistry 　Chapter 3 Elements and compounds 　Chapter 4 Organic solvent 　Chapter 5 Biochemical reaction 　　　Reading material Unit 3 Biochemical engineering 　Chapter 6 Introduction 　　6.1 The nature of biotechnology 　　6.2 Historical evolution of biotechnology 　　　Reading material 　Chapter 7 Amino acids, peptides, and proteins 　　　Reading material 　Chapter 8 Enzymes 　　　Reading material 　Chapter 9 Nucleotides and nucleic acids 　　　Reading material 　Chapter 10 Fermentation and bioreactor 　　　Reading material 　Chapter 11 Downstream processing 　　　Reading material 　Chapter 12 Frontiers of biochemical engineering 　　12.1 Enzyme engineering 　　　Reading material 　　12.2 Genetic engineering 　　　Reading material 　　12.3 The Human Genome Project 　　　Reading material Unit 4 Pharmaceutical engineering 　Chapter 13 Introduction to drugs 　　13.1 What is a drug 　　13.2 Drug absorption 　　13.3 The history of pharmacopoeia 　　13.4 Good Manufacturing Practices（GMP） 　　　Reading material 　Chapter 14 Synthesis of drug 　　　Reading material 　Chapter 15 Pharmaceutical production 　　15.1 Clarification and filtration 　　15.2 Crystallization and pharmaceutical technology 　　15.3 Drying 　　15.4 Mixing 　　　Reading material 　Chapter 16 Industrial pharmacy 　　16.1 Tablets 　　16.2 Capsules 　　16.3 Injections 　　16.4 Packaging 　　　Reading material 　Chapter 17 Medicine analysis 　　　Reading material 　Chapter18 Modernization of traditional Chinese medicine 　　　Reading material 　Chapter 19 Frontiers of pharmaceutical engineering 　　19.1 Interferon 　　19.2 Principles of drug design 　　　Reading material Unit 5 Information retrieval 　Chapter 20 Introduction 　Chapter 21 The research process in the cornell university library 　　　Reading material 參考文獻

章節(jié)摘錄

　　1800s　　Federal controls over the US drug supply began in 1848 with the Drug Importation Act, whichrequired US Customs to stop the importation of adulterated drugs. Due to the growing necessity for safefood and drug products, in 1862 President Abraham Lincoln appointed chemist Charles M. Wetberill tohead the chemical division in the newly created Department of Agriculture. This division conductednumerous food adulteration studies. Late in the 1800s, more than 100 food and drug billst~l wereintroduced in Congress.　　Early 1900s　　In 1902, the Biologics Control Act was passed to ensure purity and safety of serums, vaccines, andsimilar products used to prevent or treat diseases in humans. Shocking disclosures of insanitaryconditions in meatpacking plants, the use of poisonous preservatives and dyes in foods, and core-allclaims for worthless and dangerous patent medicines prompted Congress to pass the Food and DrugsAct in 1906. This federal law prohibited interstate commerce in misbranded and adulterated foods,drinks, and drugs. In 1930, what had become the Food, Drug, and Insecticide Administration wasrenamed the Food and Drug Administration （FDA）.　　1938　　FDA was involved in a five-year legislative struggle to completely revise the Food and Drugs Act.Following the death of 107 persons, mostly children, who took a poisonous Elixir of Sulfanilamide, Congress greatly strengthened the public health protection by passing the Federal Food, Drug, andCosmetic Act （FD&C Act）. This new Act: extended FDAs control to cosmetics and therapeutic devices;required new drugs to be proven safe before marketing; authorized standards of identity, quality, andfill-of-container for foods; authorized factory inspections; and increased the legal tools available toenforce provisions of the Act.　　Mid 1900s　　Afire the passage of the FD&C Act, numerous amendments, standards, and laws were passed, and court cases set precedents to further define FDAs role in protecting the public health. These covered areas such as food sanitation standards, prosecution for violations, drug labeling and effectiveness, pesticide residues, biologics, food additives, packaging and labeling, low-acid canned foods, medicaldevices, infant formula, nutrition labeling, and dietary supplements. In 1949, FDA published its first guidance to industry.

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