創(chuàng)造性的編輯

前言

　　是成為一名21世紀充滿靈氣的創(chuàng)造性的編輯，還是成為一個充滿匠氣的封閉性的編輯？這是每一個編輯課程學習者需要細考的問題。伴隨著21世紀信息爆炸和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)傳播事業(yè)的迅猛發(fā)展，當今世界已經(jīng)處于海量信息的網(wǎng)絡傳播環(huán)境之中，雖然這種傳播環(huán)境使得人人皆可成為編輯、記者的夢想變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實，但是我們也發(fā)現(xiàn)，新聞專業(yè)主義意義上的編輯角色并沒有被數(shù)字時代所淘汰，而是被數(shù)字時代賦予了新的內(nèi)涵。所以，成為21世紀創(chuàng)造性的編輯將是新聞傳播從業(yè)者具有獨到價值的職業(yè)定位和人生選擇?！　∽鳛槊绹侣剛鞑W的經(jīng)典教材，《創(chuàng)造性的編輯》以其全面的內(nèi)容、清晰的結構和不斷完善的信息而一直廣受好評。其第五版通過對文字編輯創(chuàng)新觀念的有效呈現(xiàn)、強化和補充，繼續(xù)保持了以前所獲得的經(jīng)典教材之聲譽。瀏覽全書，可以發(fā)現(xiàn)該書涵蓋了平面媒體和網(wǎng)絡媒體編輯實務的所有重要方面，而且該書作者從基本的語言技巧訓練開始，逐步引導讀者了解和認識專業(yè)化文字編輯工作的每個階段及其所遇到的重要問題?！　∫弧⑿侣剛鞑サ暮诵暮突何淖志庉嫷闹匾巧　　秳?chuàng)造性的編輯》（第五版）的作者認為，21世紀的編輯將依舊處于平面媒體和網(wǎng)絡媒體組織的核心環(huán)節(jié)，這個職位能夠為媒體構建和保持公信力而提供專業(yè)知識，同時為公眾獲得新聞和娛樂信息而擔當看門人的角色。中國人民大學新聞學院鄭興東教授、陳仁風教授、蔡雯教授的《報紙編輯學教程》中曾對報紙編輯工作的重要性有過這樣論述：報紙編輯工作相對于報紙及其新聞傳播活動而言是“總設計與總指揮”、“集大成者和總把官人”?？梢姡谛侣剛鞑サ墓ぷ髁鞒讨?，編輯的重要性不言而喻。這一點在傳統(tǒng)的媒體時代如此，在新媒體時代亦然，而且其重要性比歷史上以往的任何時刻顯得更加重要?！　≡趥髅浇M織中，編輯和記者的職業(yè)角色有所不同。在西方媒體組織結構圖中，記者是處于新聞報道最前沿的角色，他們負責直接進行新聞采寫并向編輯部提供最初的新聞報道稿件；而編輯則分為若干的層級，其中文字編輯處于記者和總編輯、執(zhí)行主編、特寫編輯、圖片編輯等其他層級編輯之間，并在媒體的整個制作流程中發(fā)揮著重要作用。由此可見，文字編輯是整個新聞媒體組織中最為關鍵的環(huán)節(jié)之一。在某種意義上，編輯其實更像一個新聞傳播過程的“指揮家”，協(xié)調(diào)、調(diào)動各種信息資源，并推動新聞傳播過程有序向前發(fā)展；有時編輯又像是新聞傳播活動的“總導演”，通過自己的工作不斷地挖掘新聞傳播的價值，為公眾呈現(xiàn)出更為完美的新聞傳播作品。　　如今，傳媒管理人員也已經(jīng)認識到并看重優(yōu)秀文字編輯的價值，這也表明具有優(yōu)秀文字編輯基本素質(zhì)的從業(yè)者將在未來的職業(yè)生涯選擇中具有比較優(yōu)勢。另外，那些期望成為傳媒管理人員的人也將會發(fā)現(xiàn)，文字編輯工作是學習平面媒體和網(wǎng)絡媒體錯綜復雜制作流程的不可或缺的訓練基礎，而且也是職業(yè)化編輯以此為基石而走向媒體管理崗位的最為常規(guī)的途徑。

內(nèi)容概要

本書介紹了美國現(xiàn)代新聞媒體的運作機制，特別是對當今激烈的報業(yè)競爭下的新聞編輯技巧，如素材的錄入與剪輯、標題撰寫、版面設計、圖片處理等問題進行了講解。同時闡釋了如何在環(huán)環(huán)相扣的工作過程中關注受眾心理、新聞道德和倫理觀念，以避免發(fā)生侵權及誹謗現(xiàn)象，并對文字編輯的職業(yè)前景進行了認真的探討和分析。

作者簡介

多蘿西·A·鮑爾斯（Dorothy A．Bowles），美國田納西大學傳播與信息學院新聞與電子媒體系教授。得克薩斯理工大學學士，堪薩斯大學碩士，威斯康星大學博士。曾在美國路易斯安那、得克薩斯、威斯康星、明尼蘇達和堪薩斯等地的日報擔任要聞記者、體育編輯和新聞編輯。曾在

書籍目錄

PrefaceChapter 1  The Copy Editor's RoleChapter 2  Using Correct Grammar and PunctuationChapter 3  Consistent Style and Correct WordsChapter 4  Checking FactsChapter 5  Editing StoriesChapter 6  Legal ConcernsChapter 7  Editing and EthicsChapter 8  TypographyChapter 9  Writing HeadlinesChapter 10  Editing Pictures and InfographicsChapter 11  Design and Layout

章節(jié)摘錄

　　Some search engines are crawler-based， meaning that they use computer programscalled "spiders" to scan the Internet continually. Examples are Yahoo！ and Google.Everything the spider finds goes into the search engine index， sometimes called thecatalog. Other search engines are more correctly referred to as human-powereddirectories like Open Directory， which rely on humans to build listings to describeWeb sites. Still other search engines are hybrids or mixed results in that they returnresults that combine crawler-based and human-powered listings.　　Metasearch engines， also called metacrawlers， send searches to several searchengines at the same time. The results from each engine are then blended to form onepage for the user. Some experts recommend using an all-in-one engine at the begin-ning of the search； other experts like to begin with a single engine before conductinga metasearch. Drawbacks of metasearches are the slight increase in retrieval time andthe lack of precision in syntax allowed on individual search engines.　　All-in-one search pages， unlike metacrawlers， do not send your query to manysearch engines at the same time. Instead， they generally list a wide variety of searchengines and allow you to search at your choice without having to go directly to thatsearch engine.　　Search engines vary widely in their range of search features and in the waythey index and present their search results. Some index complete Web pages or pagetitles； others add material selectively and review sites based on content； still otherspresent subject indexes for users to browse by keywords. Some Web site administra-tors include coding that instructs indexing robots to omit particular pages fromsearch results.　　Another difference in search engines is that most guarantee pages will be in-cluded in their index in exchange for a fee. Google is an exception to this busi-ness model. All rely on advertising for revenue， but some engines maintain separate"editorial" services. This isnt to imply that paid listings dont contain worthwhileinformation on the Web pages， but search engine users arent always informed aboutwhich results lead to editorial material rather than advertisements in disguise. Ananalogy would be a newspaper or TV station that did not delineate between newscontent and advertising messages.　　Previous editions of this textbook contained names and URLs for popularsearch engines. Rapid changes in Internet technology and the financial instabil-ity of many Internet-based companies threaten long-term accuracy of such a list.Consequently， readers are directed instead to Search Engine Watch at http：//www.searchenginewatch.com， a Web site that stays abreast of developments in the worldof search engines——which ones are most usable， are most popular， possess specialfeatures or require payment for listings. In addition， this site offers Web searchingtips and reviews， ratings and tests about how well individual engines perform. Thesite links users to all the major search engines， popular metasearch engines， kid-safeservices and others. This site was created and is maintained by Danny Sullivan， anInternet consultant and journalist with no potentially compromising entanglementswith the search engine industry.

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