中國哲學史（全2卷）

前言

In ancient China, there emerged treatises and books in which the au- thors made comments on the academic thought of the past ages. For in- stance, Zhuangzi ~~ Under Heaven by Zhuang Zhou (c. 369-286), A Treatise on the Major Ideas of the Six Schools by Sima Tan (?-110 BC), and Academic Cases  of the Song and Yuan Dynasties and Academic Cases of the Ming Confucians, both edited by Huang Zongxi (1610-1695). These works, since they summarize and analyze the sources and courses of various schools of thought from different ideological angles under the influence of the demands of different historical periods, are of reference value for present-day research in the field of the history of philosophy. However, this field was not regarded as a separate area of study until modem times.

內(nèi)容概要

An Outline History of Chinese Philosophy has been jointly written and compiled by over 20 spe- cialists and scholars from nine renowned universi- ties in China. including Wuha*l University and Sun Yat-sen University. It provides a concise intro- duction to the origin and devdopment of Chinese philosophy from antiquity to 1949, the year the Peoplc's Republic of China was founded, expounding its status and features at diffcrent historical stages. It gives a historical and logical delineation of the development of Chinese philosophy by highlighting its origin and dcwelopment during the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties, the golden age of philosophical thought during the Warring States Period, and the strides made by the Chinese philosophical system from Qin-Han rimes to the Ming and Qjng dynasties, as well as new visions brought by social reforms since the mid-Ming Dynasty. This book presents readers with a detailed and accurate text. lucid discussions and simple explanations of complex ideas. It is not only a monograph with academic and textual value, but also a must-have for readers m better understand and study Chinese philosophy and culture.

作者簡介

Xiao Jiefu, born in Chengdu, southwestern Chings Sichuan Province, in 1924, graduated from the Department of Philosophy of Wuhan University in 1947. He has successively served as a professor and doctoral candidate supervisor in Chinese philosophy at Wuhan University, and vice chairman of the Society for the History of Chinese Philosophy and of the China Association for the Study of Confucius. as well as a member of the academic committee of the Interna- tional Taoist Association and of the advisory group of the [nternational Confucian Association. He has long been engaged in teaching and research in the fields of Chinese philosophy and culture, conducting extensive research on the history of ancient Chinese dialectics, Confucian and Taoist thought during the pre-Qin period and philosophy during the Ming-Qing period,  as well as modern and contemporary cultural trends.He has been invited many times to the United States and Europe m give lectures. His academic publica- nons mainly include ltistory of Chinese Philosophy, A Draft History of Chinese Dialectics and An Introduction to Wang Chuanshan's Philosophy.Li Jinquan. born in Dongguan, southern Chinas Guangdong Province, in 1926, graduated from the  Department of Philosophy of Sun Yar-sen University.  He has successively served as a professor and doctoral candidate supervisor in the same department, an  executive council member of the Society of the History of Chinese Philosophy, and a council member  of the International Confilcian Association. He has devoted many years to teaching and research in the  fields of Chinese philosophy and cuhure, with discus sions on philosophical schools of thought from the  pre-Qin period to modern and contemporary times.  His academic publications mainly include A Critical  Biography of Hairui. History of Chinese Philosophy and  A Collection of Modern Neo-Confucianist Studies.

書籍目錄

中國哲學史（上）　Foreword　Part Ⅰ　The Emergence and Development of Philosophy in the Age of Slavery 　　Introduction 　　Chapter One The Emergence and Development of Philosophy in the Slave-Owning Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties 　　　Ⅰ. The Germination of Philosophical Thought in the Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties     　　1. The theological monopoly of severing communication between earth and heaven——from nature worship to the worship of god on high 　　　　2. Harnessing the rivers and leveling the land -- from mythology and fantasy about conquering nature to the germination of the philosophy of cognition of nature 　　?、? The Political Changes Accompanying the Transition from the Yin Dynasty to the Zhou Dynasty, and the Emergence of Philosophical Thought 　　　　1. The philosophical thought of enlightened political commentators in the last years of the Yin Dynasty 　　　　2. The philosophical thought of the ruling clique in the early stage of the Western Zhou Dynasty 　　?、? The Social Upheavals in the Last Years of the Western Zhou Dynasty and the Further Development of Philosophical Thought 　　　　1. Blaming heaven and man 　　　　2. Development of the concepts of the five elements and yin-yang 　　Chapter Two The Ideological Trend of Atheism in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Naive Dialectics of Shi Mo and Sun Wu 　　　Ⅰ. The Ideological Trend of Atheism in the Spring and Autumn Period 　　　　1. Ji Liang and Shi Xiao: Putting Man above the Gods 　　　　2. Shu Xing and Zi Chan: separating heaven and man 　　?、? Yan Ying and Shi Mo: Naive Dialectics 　　　　1. Yan Ying's two propositions: "Harmony and identity are different" and "The no and the yes may complete each other." 　　　　2. Shi Mo's two propositions: "Things are produced in twos" and "All things have their counterparts." 　　?、? Sun Wu's Naive Materialism and Military Dialectics 　　　　1. The Sunzi and naive materialism in the proposition "Know yourself as well as the enemy." 　　　　2. Military dialectics in Sunzi as summed up in the proposition "The direct and the indirect lead to each other in turn."　　Chapter Three The Philosophy of Confucius　　　Ⅰ. The World Outlook of "Following Fate and Benevolence" 　　　　1. From esteeming heaven to fatalism 　　　　2. The benevolent thought stressing the subjective and con- scientious spirit 　　?、? The Cognitive Theory Laying Equal Stress on Learning andThinking 　　　　1. Stressing superior wisdom: "The wisest are born with knowl-edge." 　　　　2. Cognitive method: "My studies lie low, while my penetration rises high."　　?、? The Doctrine of the Mean: "Taking Hold of the Two Extremes and Determine the Mean"　　　　1. The harmony of contradictions　　　　2. The developmental view of history: "Three dynasties all followed the former regulations."　　　　3. The cognitive method: "Keeping to the two extremes" and "Learning the new by restudying the old."　　?、? The Historical Role of Confucius　　Chapter Four The Mohist School 68　　?、? Materialist Empiricism on the Basis of "What People Have Seen with Their Own Eyes and Heard with Their Own Ears."　　　　1. The origin of cognition is "the actual experience of the eyes and ears of the multitude."　　　　2. "Nominate things on the basis of facts" and "examine analogical things to know the cause."　　　　……中國哲學史（下）

章節(jié)摘錄

Chapter SixMencius' Deepening of the Confucian PhilosophyMencius is the latinized form of Meng Ke (c. 372-289 BC), who was born in the small state of Zou (present-day Zouxian County, Shandong Province). Tradition has it that he was a descendent of the Mengsun fam- ily of the State of Lu. In his youth he was a pupil of Zisi, grandson of Confucius. He had a deep respect and admiration for Confucius. In his own words, "What I wish to do is to learn to be like Confucius." (Men- cius ~~ Gongsun Chou (I), hereafter only the title of the quoted chapter is given) Like Confucius, he spent many years traveling with his disciples among the various states into which China was divided at that time (the Warring States Period), disseminating his theories of benevolent government. He had to contend with rival thinkers who advocated military force and harsh rule as the way to build up a powerful and prosperous state. As witness to this, we can quote the historian Sima Qian: "After the State of Qin appointed Shang Yang prime minister, it became rich and militarily powerful. When the states of Wei and Chu listened to the ad- vice of Wu Qi, they conquered their enemies. Sun Wu, Tian Ji and the like helped kings Wei and Xuan of the State of Qi to force other feudal lords to submit to Qi." (Records of the Historian ~~ Biographies of Meng Ke and Xun Qing) But Mencius opposed the use of violence, and felt ashamed to talk about material gain. As a result, he failed to find a patron among the contemporary feudal lords. In his later years he retired to his native place, and devoted himself to teaching. "He wrote prefaces to the Book of Poetry and to the Book of History, he explained the sayings of Confucius, and wrote the Mencius in seven volumes." (Ibid) He engagedin political and academic activities all his life, and since his doings and sayings contributed a great deal to the development of Confucianism.

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