船舶與海洋工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)

前言

　　自從我國(guó)改革開(kāi)放以來(lái)，國(guó)際交流日益增多；特別是八十年代初我國(guó)造船工業(yè)進(jìn)入國(guó)際市場(chǎng)后，科技和業(yè)務(wù)的交往更趨頻繁。在這種大背景下，外語(yǔ)特別是英語(yǔ)人才的需求尤為迫切。船舶與海洋工程專業(yè)學(xué)生應(yīng)該具有較高的外語(yǔ)水準(zhǔn)，這是社會(huì)和行業(yè)對(duì)高等院校提出的人才要求和培養(yǎng)任務(wù)?！　〈芭c海洋工程學(xué)科自1980年以來(lái)一直為大學(xué)三年級(jí)學(xué)生開(kāi)設(shè)專業(yè)英語(yǔ)課程，四年級(jí)學(xué)生則結(jié)合畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)布置原版文獻(xiàn)閱讀。為此需要有一本綜合性較強(qiáng)、信息量較大的專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教材，對(duì)學(xué)生進(jìn)行培訓(xùn)，為畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)階段的英文資料閱讀和以后從事科學(xué)研究或工程實(shí)踐打下堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)?！　　洞芭c海洋工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)》一書(shū)在過(guò)去二十多年來(lái)已幾經(jīng)修改和補(bǔ)充，迄今形成了“專業(yè)內(nèi)容全面，詞匯覆蓋寬廣，分析語(yǔ)言結(jié)構(gòu)，訓(xùn)練翻譯技巧”的特色。這本書(shū)由校內(nèi)印刷到公開(kāi)出版，學(xué)生會(huì)有一本更好的教材，在行業(yè)內(nèi)也會(huì)擴(kuò)大讀者群，增加收藏性?！　”緯?shū)編者陸偉東和連璉教授，多年從事船舶與海洋工程專業(yè)的教學(xué)和科學(xué)研究工作，也曾多年擔(dān)任《船舶與海洋工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)》主講教師。這些都為本書(shū)的編寫(xiě)提供了良好的條件和豐富的素材?？梢韵嘈?，本書(shū)會(huì)讓船舶與海洋工程專業(yè)學(xué)生和廣大造船工作者得益匪淺。

內(nèi)容概要

本書(shū)共有10個(gè)單元，內(nèi)容涉及船型、性能、結(jié)構(gòu)、控制、設(shè)計(jì)、建造、試航、離岸工程、水下工程和法規(guī)與規(guī)范。每一單元內(nèi)有翻譯講座、習(xí)題和范文，最后還附有試卷樣本、自測(cè)試卷和總詞匯表。本書(shū)可用作大專院校船舶與海洋工程專業(yè)學(xué)生用專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教材，也可供廣大造船工作者閱讀和參考。

書(shū)籍目錄

Unit 1  Ship Types　Lecture 1  The Criterion of TranslationUnit 2  Ship Performances　Lecture 2  The Treatment of WordsUnit 3  Structural Strength　Lecture 3  Translation of Emphatic SentencesUnit 4  Ship Control　Lecture 4  Translation of NegativesUnit 5  Ship Design　Lecture 5  Translation of Passive VoiceUnit 6  Ship Manufacturing　Lecture 6  Translation of Attributive ClausesUnit 7  Sea Trials　Lecture 7  Translation of the ConditionalsUnit 8  Offshore Structures  Lecture 8  Completion and Translation of Sentences with OmissionUnit 9  Undersea Work Tasks  Lecture 9  Analysis and Translation of Long SentencesUnit 10  Rules and Regulations  Lecture 10  Writing an Abstract or a TractateAnnex Ⅰ Test Papers and AnswersAnnex Ⅱ Glossary of English in Ship and Ocean Engineering

章節(jié)摘錄

　　Offshore oil developments in the North Sea have also pioneered a completely differentdesign of fixed platform based on the use of concrete to create a large heavy structure whichcan rest on the sea bed and remain stable under its own weight. The first such platform wasinstalled in the North Sea on the Ekofisk field in 1973, and by 1982 over 17 platforms hadbeen installed.Although concrete gravity structures are considered relatively expensive as compared tosteel frame jackets, the structures do offer an attractive alternative to jackets in hostilewaters such as those of the North Sea and situations where the uncertainty of a tanker exportsystem demands a certain amount of oil storage on the platformE73. Other advantages ofconcrete gravity platforms over jackets are that the structures can be constructed onshore orin sheltered waters, with all the topsides installed, hooked up and tested prior to floating outand towing the structure to its offshore location. Installation then only requires ballastingthe platform down onto the sea bed and consolidating the foundation below the platform bypumping grout into the spaces between the platform and foundation.　　The elimination of steel piling and having a concrete structure tolerant to overloadingand to degradation due to exposure to sea water offers other advantages over the use of steel.It has been demonstrated that concrete used in coastal installations inthe 1930s and 1940shas survived up to the present day, essentially unaffected by exposure to sea water, whereasconventional steel structures would have been susceptible to sea water corrosion and wouldrequire substantial levels of maintenance and protection. These advantages have to be setagainst the fact that concrete gravity structures are relatively expensive. They often actuallyemploy a greater mass of steel in their reinforcing members than would be required by anequivalent steel frame jacket structure. Concrete gravity structures are likely to suffer fromfoundation settlement during their working lives which can reduce the air gap between meanwater level and the underside of the structure. Another disadvantage with concrete gravitystructures is that no feasible means of removing the structure have been defined at present.

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