出版時間:2012-1 出版社:科學(xué)出版社 作者:約恩森 等編著 頁數(shù):399
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內(nèi)容概要
《科愛傳播·生態(tài)前沿系列·生態(tài)建模原理:在環(huán)境管理和研究中的應(yīng)用(原著第4版)》為第四版,經(jīng)過了徹底的修訂和更新.權(quán)威性地介紹生態(tài)建模的概念和發(fā)展歷程.該領(lǐng)域的最新進(jìn)展,并為讀者介紹了構(gòu)建自己模型的工具。本書適用于高校和研究單位的研究生教材,也是從事生態(tài)學(xué)和環(huán)境工作的工程技術(shù)人員和管理工作者的重要業(yè)務(wù)參考書?! ”緯攸c(diǎn): 深入描述最新的建模技術(shù),一步一步勾畫建模過程的輪廓,并做了詳細(xì)討論?! ×_列了不同的模型類型,包括總結(jié)表格,實(shí)例及插圖?! ≡诿恳徽碌慕Y(jié)尾附有練習(xí),便于讀者學(xué)習(xí)?! 蟾接腥齻€數(shù)學(xué)附錄和主題索引。
作者簡介
約恩森(Sven Eric Jorgensen)博士,哥本哈根大學(xué)的名譽(yù)教授,致力于系統(tǒng)生態(tài)學(xué)、生態(tài)模型和生態(tài)工程等方面的研究,已出版專著66部,發(fā)表論文350余篇。約恩森博士已擔(dān)任《國際生態(tài)模型和系統(tǒng)生態(tài)學(xué)雜志》(International Journal on Ecological Modelling and System Ecology)主編34年;他同時還擔(dān)任《生態(tài)學(xué)百科全書》(Ency-clopendia of Ecology)的主編。他獲得了若干重大獎項(xiàng)(普里戈金獎(ThePrigoineA-ward)、帕斯卡獎(The Pascal Medal),中國科學(xué)院愛因斯坦講席教授等),包括極負(fù)盛譽(yù)的斯德哥爾摩水科學(xué)大獎。約恩森博士是哥倫比亞大學(xué)、葡萄牙和坦桑尼亞首都達(dá)累斯薩拉姆大學(xué)的榮譽(yù)博士,歐洲科學(xué)院院士,以及國際生態(tài)模型學(xué)會(ISEM)的主席。 法思(BrianD.Fash)博士是美國馬里蘭州陶森大學(xué)(Towson Univetsity)生物科學(xué)系副教授,國際應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)分析協(xié)會(拉克森堡,奧地利)動態(tài)系統(tǒng)項(xiàng)目的研究人員,在各類期刊上發(fā)表論文、報告和研究著作近100篇。2007年6月,法思博士與約恩森博士共同撰寫了其第一部著作《新生態(tài)學(xué)》(A。NewEcology),2008年,他們又共同編撰了生態(tài)學(xué)百科全書的5卷內(nèi)容。自2009年1月起,法思博士開始擔(dān)任《生態(tài)學(xué)模型》雜志的主編。他在美國陶森開設(shè)了生態(tài)系統(tǒng)生態(tài)學(xué)、環(huán)境生物學(xué)、網(wǎng)絡(luò)及人類生態(tài)學(xué)與可持續(xù)發(fā)展等課程,還分別在中國、克羅地亞、丹麥、法國、德國和葡萄牙開設(shè)了短期課程。法思博士現(xiàn)任巴爾的摩國家環(huán)境質(zhì)量委員會主席。
書籍目錄
作者簡介
前言
1.緒論
2.模型概念
3.不同模型類型概述
4.協(xié)調(diào)建?;蚪M合化建模
5.模擬種群動態(tài)
6.穩(wěn)態(tài)模型
7.動態(tài)生物地化模型
8.生態(tài)毒理模型
9.個體模型
10.結(jié)構(gòu)動態(tài)模型
11.空間模型
參考文獻(xiàn)
附錄
章節(jié)摘錄
a population model by different levels of the populations, and so forth. If an ideal validation cannot be obtained, then it is still important to validate the model as best as possible. The method of validation is dependent on the model objectives. A comparison between measured and computed data using an objective function Eq. (2) is an obvious test. This is, however, often not sufficient, as it may not focus on all the main objectives of the model, but only on the general ability of the model to describe correctly the state variables of the ecosystem. It is necessarv, therefore, to translate the main objectives of the modelinto a few validation criteria. They cannot be formulated generally, but are individual for the model and the modeller. For instance, if we are concerned with the eutrophication in an aquatic ecosystem, it would be useful to compare the measured and computed maximum concen- trations of phytoplankton. The validation discussion can be summarized by the following issues: 1. Validation is always required to get a picture of the model reliability. 2. Attempts should be made to get data for the validation that are entirely different from those used in the calibration. It is important to have data from a wide range of forcing functions that are defined by the model objectives. 3. The validation criteria are formulated based on the model objectives and the quality of the available data. The main purpose of the model may, however, be an exploratory analysis to understand how the system responds to the dominating forcing functions. In this case, a structural validation is probably sufficient. Validation is a very important modelling step because it gives the uncertainty of the model results. It attempts to answer the question: Which model uncertaint)r should we consider when using the model to develop strategies for environmental management? If we use the model as research tool, then the validation will tell us whether the model results can be used to support or reject a hWothesis. The uncer- tainty determined by the validation relative to the difference between the hypothesis and the model results will be decisive. In Chapter 7 ……
媒體關(guān)注與評論
這本實(shí)用、經(jīng)過驗(yàn)證的書非常有效地結(jié)合了生態(tài)建模的理論、方法和應(yīng)用。生態(tài)建模是一個迅迷發(fā)展的領(lǐng)域,新版是對這一領(lǐng)域的重要的最新指南……生態(tài)建模顯然是一個大領(lǐng)域,《生態(tài)建模原理:在環(huán)境管理和研究中的應(yīng)用(原著第4版)(導(dǎo)讀版)》內(nèi)容豐富,實(shí)用性強(qiáng),既是一個全面概述,也是一本使用指南?! 狪nformation Eaux 對于擁有數(shù)學(xué)背景的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)工程師和生態(tài)學(xué)家而言,這本書將成為寶貴源泉,通過閱讀本書,讀者可以對生態(tài)和環(huán)境建模這一迅速發(fā)展的領(lǐng)域有一個全面的了解。本書也非常適于作為教科書使用?! 狪nternational Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry
編輯推薦
《科愛傳播·生態(tài)前沿系列·生態(tài)建模原理:在環(huán)境管理和研究中的應(yīng)用(原著第4版)》的目錄和前言已經(jīng)譯成中文,正文部分保留英文原版。另附華東師范大學(xué)陸健健教授所作精彩導(dǎo)讀一篇。
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