出版時(shí)間:2004-10 出版社:重慶大學(xué)出版社 作者:丁建新 編 頁(yè)數(shù):164 字?jǐn)?shù):202000
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前言
進(jìn)入21世紀(jì),我國(guó)高等教育呈現(xiàn)快速擴(kuò)展的趨勢(shì)。為適應(yīng)社會(huì)、經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展,人才的培養(yǎng)問(wèn)題已經(jīng)比我國(guó)任何一個(gè)歷史時(shí)期都顯得更為重要。當(dāng)今,人才的能力和素質(zhì)的衡量越來(lái)越多地采用國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn),人才的外語(yǔ)水平自然地也越來(lái)越受到培養(yǎng)單位和用人單位的重視,由此引發(fā)了對(duì)大學(xué)外語(yǔ)教學(xué)模式、教材和檢測(cè)機(jī)制的新一輪討論,掀起了新一輪的大學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)改革。作為外語(yǔ)師資隊(duì)伍和外語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)人才培養(yǎng)的高等學(xué)校英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè),相比之下,在教學(xué)改革思路、新教材開(kāi)發(fā)和新教學(xué)模式探討等諸方面均顯得滯后。盡管高等學(xué)校外語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)教學(xué)指導(dǎo)委員會(huì)英語(yǔ)組針對(duì)當(dāng)前高校發(fā)展的新形式和外語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)人才培養(yǎng)的新規(guī)格、新模式和新要求,修訂出了新的《高等學(xué)校英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)大綱》,并結(jié)合21世紀(jì)外語(yǔ)人才培養(yǎng)和需求的新形勢(shì),制定了由教育部高等教育司轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)的《關(guān)于外語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)面向21世紀(jì)本科教育改革的若干意見(jiàn)》,就英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)的建設(shè)提出了指導(dǎo)性的意見(jiàn),但在實(shí)際工作中這兩個(gè)文件的精神尚未落實(shí)。 為此,重慶大學(xué)出版社和外語(yǔ)教學(xué)界的專(zhuān)家們就國(guó)內(nèi)高等學(xué)校英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)建設(shè)所面臨的新形勢(shì)做了專(zhuān)題討論。專(zhuān)家們認(rèn)為,把“大綱”的設(shè)計(jì)和“若干意見(jiàn)”的思想和理念變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實(shí)的一個(gè)最直接的體現(xiàn)方式,就是編寫(xiě)一套全新理念的英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)系列教材;隨著我國(guó)教育體制的改革,特別是基礎(chǔ)教育課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的實(shí)施,適合高等學(xué)校英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)教學(xué)需要的教材也應(yīng)做相應(yīng)的調(diào)整,以應(yīng)對(duì)中小學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)改革的新要求;高等學(xué)校學(xué)生入學(xué)時(shí)英語(yǔ)水平的逐年提高和就業(yè)市場(chǎng)對(duì)外語(yǔ)人才需求呈多元化趨勢(shì)的實(shí)際,對(duì)高等學(xué)校英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)的人才培養(yǎng)、教學(xué)模式、課程設(shè)置、教材建設(shè)等方面也提出了嚴(yán)峻挑戰(zhàn).應(yīng)對(duì)這些挑戰(zhàn),同樣可以通過(guò)一套新的教材體系來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)?! ∑駷橹?,國(guó)內(nèi)尚無(wú)一套完整的、系統(tǒng)的英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)系列教材;目前已有的教材出自不同的出版社,編寫(xiě)的思路和體例不盡相同;現(xiàn)有的教材因出版時(shí)間較早,內(nèi)容、知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)、教學(xué)方法和手段已經(jīng)不能適應(yīng)新的發(fā)展要求;傳統(tǒng)的教材設(shè)計(jì)多數(shù)基于學(xué)科的內(nèi)在邏輯和系統(tǒng)性,較少考慮學(xué)習(xí)者的全面發(fā)展和社會(huì)對(duì)人才需求的多元化。 自2001年開(kāi)始,在重慶大學(xué)出版社的大力支持下,我們成立了由華中、華南、西南和西北地區(qū)的知名專(zhuān)家、學(xué)者和教學(xué)一線教師組成的《求知高等學(xué)校英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)系列教材》編寫(xiě)組,確定了系列教材編寫(xiě)的指導(dǎo)思想和總體目標(biāo),即以《高等學(xué)校英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)大綱》為依據(jù),將社會(huì)的需求與培養(yǎng)外語(yǔ)人才的全面發(fā)展緊密結(jié)合,注重英語(yǔ)作為一個(gè)專(zhuān)業(yè)的學(xué)科系統(tǒng)性和科學(xué)性,注重英語(yǔ)教學(xué)和習(xí)得的方法與規(guī)律,突出特色和系列教材的內(nèi)在邏輯關(guān)系,反映當(dāng)前教學(xué)改革的新理念并具有前瞻性。
內(nèi)容概要
《現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)詞匯學(xué)教程》是《求知高等學(xué)校英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)系列教材》之一,它面向英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)本科學(xué)生,對(duì)詞匯學(xué)的一些傳統(tǒng)內(nèi)容進(jìn)行了合理的整合,同時(shí)又吸收了近年來(lái)詞匯研究的諸多新成果,涵蓋了詞匯與語(yǔ)法的關(guān)系、英語(yǔ)詞匯的詞源學(xué)研究、構(gòu)詞法、詞的意義及意義關(guān)系、詞的語(yǔ)用研究、多詞表達(dá)(含搭配、詞組和習(xí)語(yǔ)等)及利用語(yǔ)料庫(kù)考察詞匯型式等主要論題,還附有對(duì)中國(guó)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者學(xué)習(xí)詞匯十分有用的一些工具性?xún)?nèi)容,如常用詞根表、詞綴表等。各章練習(xí)力圖式樣靈活,使學(xué)生無(wú)需死記硬背就可以鞏固所學(xué)知識(shí)。全書(shū)既有共時(shí)的研究,又有歷時(shí)的視角,試圖使學(xué)生在掌握詞匯學(xué)的基本概念和內(nèi)容的同時(shí),將他們引導(dǎo)到詞匯這一英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言中最具人文色彩的部分。
作者簡(jiǎn)介
丁建新,男。英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言文學(xué)博士?,F(xiàn)任職于中山大學(xué)外語(yǔ)學(xué)院英語(yǔ)系,人選中山大學(xué)人才引進(jìn)“百人計(jì)劃”和廣東省高?!扒О偈こ獭迸囵B(yǎng)對(duì)象。2004年曾受“中山大學(xué)嶺南基金”資助在香港城市大學(xué)英語(yǔ)與傳播系做學(xué)術(shù)訪問(wèn)和研究工作。獲2006年“國(guó)家留學(xué)基金”。主持國(guó)家社會(huì)科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目“敘事的社會(huì)符號(hào)學(xué)研究”以及廣東省英語(yǔ)教改與實(shí)踐培育項(xiàng)目“功能語(yǔ)言學(xué)視角中的高校應(yīng)用英語(yǔ)教改研究與實(shí)踐”。在重要學(xué)術(shù)期刊及大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)上發(fā)表文章二十余篇。完成專(zhuān)著《預(yù)制性語(yǔ)言在廣告語(yǔ)域中的話語(yǔ)分析》、《批評(píng)視野中的語(yǔ)言研究》(與廖益清合作)和《敘事的批評(píng)話語(yǔ)分析:社會(huì)符號(hào)學(xué)模式》三部。主編《功能語(yǔ)言學(xué)的理論與應(yīng)用第八屆全國(guó)功能語(yǔ)言學(xué)研討會(huì)論文集》。主持翻譯“倫敦語(yǔ)言學(xué)派”創(chuàng)始人弗斯論文集。研究方向:功能語(yǔ)言學(xué)、批評(píng)語(yǔ)言學(xué)、體裁分析、翻譯理論與實(shí)踐。
書(shū)籍目錄
1 Introduction. Word, Vocabulary and Lexicology 1.1 The notion of 'word' 1.1.1 Do words exist? 1.1.2 Bloomfield's definition of word 1.1.3 Characteristics of words 1.2 The organization of English vocabulary 1.2.1 The syntagmatic and paradigmatic relations 1.2.2 Word classes 1.2.3 Lexical fields 1.3 Lexicology and other levels of linguistic analysis 1.3.1 Lexicology and phonology 1.3.2 Lexis and grammar:two forms of patterning 1.3.3 Lexicology and semantics 1.4 Summary Exercises2 English Vocabulary:A Historical Perspective 2.1 The Indo-European language family 2.2 The English people and the English language 2.3 The development of English vocabulary 2.3.1 The Old English period 2.3.2 The Middle English period 2.3.3 Modern English period 2.4 Summary Exercises3 Borrowing as a Source of English Word-Stock 3.1 The size of English word-stock 3.2 The native words of the English language 3.3 Borrowing an overview 3.4 Major sources of borrowing 3.4.1 Latin borrowings 3.4.2 Scandinavian influences 3.4.3 French loan words 3.4.4 Greek adoptions 3.5 Minor sources of borrowing 3.6 Influences of borrowings 3.7 Summary Exercises4 Major Processes of Word Formation 4.1 Morpheme, root and affix 4.2 Derivation and compounding 4.3 Prefixation 4.4 Suffixation 4.5 Compounding 4.5.1 Basic features of compounds 4.5.2 Classification of compounds 4.5.3 The syntax of compounds 4.6 Summary Exercises5 Minor Processes of Word Formation 5.1 Blending 5.2 Back-formation 5.3 Initialism 5.3.1 Abbreviation 5.3.2 Acronyms 5.4 Clipping 5.5 Aphesis 5.6 Analogy 5.6.1 Single words formed by analogy 5.6.2 Phrases formed by analogy 5.7 Reduplication 5.8 Words from proper names 5.8.1 Words from names of people 5.8.2 Words from names of places 5.8.3 Words from names of books 5.8.4 Words from trademarks 5.9 Summary Exercise6 Word Meaning and Meaning Relations 6.1 Conventionality versus motivation 6.2 Meanings of meaning 6.3 Four kinds of meaning 6.3.1 Denotation and reference 6.3.2 Denotation and sense 6.3.3 Denotation and connotation 6.4 Meaning relations 6.4.1 Synonymy 6.4.2 Antonymy 6.4.3 Hierarchical meaning relations — hyponymy and meronymy 6.5 Semantic field and componential analysis 6.6 Word meaning and context 6.6.1 Types of context 6.6.2 The role of context 6.7 Summary Exercises7 Words in Use 7.1 The OED model 7.1.1 Core vocabulary 7.2 The register model 7.2.1 Dialects 7.2.2 Diatypes 7.3 Summary Exercises8 Multi-word Lexical Units: Collocation, Lexical Phrase and Idiom 8.1 The research tradition of prefabricated language 8.2 Collocations 8.2.1 Meaning by collocation 8.2.2 The typology of collocations 8.2.3 Investigating lexis: corpus approach to collocations 8.3 Lexical phrases 8.3.1 The definition of lexical phrase 8.3.2 Functions of lexical phrases 8.3.3 Lexical phrases and language teaching 8.4 Idioms 8.4.1 The definition and main features of idioms 8.4.2 The categorization of idioms 8.4.3 The meaning of idioms 8.5 Implications of linguistic prefabrication 8.6 Summary ExercisesAppendix 1 Common PrefixesAppendix 2 Common SuffixesAppendix 3 Common RootsAppendix 4 Lexicology Terms (English-Chinese)Key to ExercisesReferences
章節(jié)摘錄
3.3 BoRRoWING:AN oVERVIEW Words of foreign origin that have found their way into English are generally called‘borrowing’.The term‘borrowing’might not be SO appropriate in the sense that whenone borrows something it will usually be returned,and who ever thought of returning aword to the French or Italians?For one thing we have not deprived them of it,and foranother they might not want it after what we have done to it,for we are apt to treat ourborrowings roughly. English borrows words from other languages for different reasons.Due to the greatinfluence of the Roman civilization,Latin was for a long time used in England as thelanguage of learning and religion.Old Norse(or Scandinavian)was the language of theconquerors who were on the same level of social and cultural development and whomerged rather easily with the local population in the 9th,10th and the first half of the1lth century.French(to be more exact,its Norman dialect)was the language of theother conquerors who brought with them a lot of new notions of a higher social system-developed feudalism;it was the language of upper classes,of official documents andschool instruction from the middle of the 1lth century to the end of the 14th century.Asfor the borrowings in Modem English period,the greatest number has come fromFrench.They refer tO various fields of socio-political,scientific and cultural life.Alarge portion of borrowings(41%)is scientific and technical terms. In the English language,borrowings may be discovered through some peculiaritiesin pronunciation,spelling,morphological and semantic structures.Sometimes thesepeculiarities enable US to discover the immediate source of borrowing.1)Sometimes thepronunciation of the word,its spelfing and the correlation between sounds and letters arean indication of the foreign origin of the words.This is the case with waltz(G.).
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