宏觀經(jīng)濟學

前言

　　Since February 2006， Ben Bemanke has been chairman of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. Federal ethics rules prohibited him from making substantive contributions to the sixth edition. Dean Croushore， associate professor of economics and Rigsby Fellow at the University of Richmond， has helped prepare this new edition as a coauthor. Dean has been closely associated with Macro- economics since the first edition， having written or co-written the Instructors Manual and Test Bank for the first through fifth editions， the Study Guide for the third through fifth editions， and having assisted with manuscript preparation in previous editions， taking a major role in the fifth edition. Dean has been able to draw on his fourteen years of experience at the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia， twelve of which as head of the Macroeconomics Section， as well as his teaching experience at Penn State University， Temple University， the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania， Johns Hopkins University， Princeton University， and the University of Richmond， to help keep the book fresh， applied to real-world economic developments， and appealing to students.　　In the sixth edition， we have added new material to keep the text up-to-date， while building on the strengths that underlie the books lasting appeal to Instructors and students， Including. Real-world applications. A perennial challenge for instructors is to help students make active use of the economic ideas developed in the text. The rich variety of applications in this book shows by example how economic concepts can be put to work in explaining real-world issues such as the contrasting behavior of unemployment in the United States and Europe， the slowdown and revival in productivity growth， the challenges facing the Social Security system and the Federal budget， the impact of globalization on the U.S. economy， and alternative approaches to making monetary policy. The sixth edition offers new applications as well as updates of the best applications and analyses of previous editions.

內(nèi)容概要

　　本書在涵蓋傳統(tǒng)的宏觀經(jīng)濟學教學內(nèi)容的同時，也納入了長期經(jīng)濟增長和世界經(jīng)濟一體化等方面的新進展。作者在敘述中大量引用近期的經(jīng)濟現(xiàn)象，對各國的財政和金融政策進行了很多分析和比較，深入淺出地闡述了宏觀經(jīng)濟學基本理論及其在實踐中的運用。　　本書與現(xiàn)有中級宏觀經(jīng)濟學教科書相比，具有內(nèi)容全面和講述透徹的優(yōu)點。其行文深入淺出，饒有風趣。不僅是中級宏觀經(jīng)濟學的優(yōu)秀教科書，還可供學界以及對宏觀經(jīng)濟學感興趣的其他人士參考和使用。

作者簡介

　　安德魯·B.亞伯，現(xiàn)為賓夕法尼亞大學經(jīng)濟學教授與沃頓商學院Ronald A.Rosenfeld金融學教授。他以最優(yōu)成績獲普林斯頓大學學士學位，并獲麻省理工大學博士學位。亞伯在財政政策、資本形成、貨幣政策、資產(chǎn)定價以及社會保障等領域發(fā)表了大量文章，同時也擔任大量學術期刊的編委。亞伯曾任費城聯(lián)邦儲備銀行訪問學者，國會預算辦公室經(jīng)濟顧問組成員，國民經(jīng)濟研究局的副研究員?！　”尽.伯南克，普林斯頓大學Howard Harrison與Gabnelle Snyder經(jīng)濟學和公共關系教授。他以最優(yōu)成績獲哈佛大學經(jīng)濟學學士學位，并在麻省理工學院獲得博士學位。伯南克于1979年在斯坦福商學院開始其教學生涯，于1985年轉(zhuǎn)到普林斯頓大學任教。他在宏觀經(jīng)濟學、宏觀經(jīng)濟史以及金融學方面發(fā)表的論文多達60余篇，以研究美國20年代大蕭條而聞名。于2006年起接替格林斯潘擔任美國聯(lián)邦儲備委員會主席?！　〉习病た藙谒?，里奇蒙大學Robins商學院經(jīng)濟學助理教授。他在俄亥俄州立大學獲得經(jīng)濟學學士學位和博士學位。于1984年在賓夕法尼亞大學開始其教學生涯，5年后他轉(zhuǎn)到費城聯(lián)邦儲備銀行擔任副總裁和經(jīng)濟學家。2003年他又回到里奇蒙大學任教。

書籍目錄

第1篇 導論第1章 宏觀經(jīng)濟學概述1.1 宏觀經(jīng)濟學研究什么長期經(jīng)濟增長經(jīng)濟周期失業(yè)通貨膨脹國際經(jīng)濟宏觀經(jīng)濟政策加總1.2 宏觀經(jīng)濟學家做什么宏觀經(jīng)濟預測宏觀經(jīng)濟分析宏觀經(jīng)濟研究專欄1.1 經(jīng)濟理論的提出與檢驗數(shù)據(jù)搜集1.3 為什么宏觀經(jīng)濟學家會產(chǎn)生意見分歧古典主義者與凱恩斯主義者整合的宏觀經(jīng)濟學研究方法第2章 國民經(jīng)濟的衡量與結構2.1 國民收入核算：對生產(chǎn)、收入和支出的衡量走近宏觀經(jīng)濟：國民收入和產(chǎn)品賬戶為什么這三種方法結果是一樣的2.2 國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值衡量GDP的產(chǎn)品法專欄2.1 自然資源、環(huán)境和國民收入賬戶衡量GDP的支出法衡量GDP的收入法2.3 儲蓄和財富總儲蓄的衡量私人儲蓄的用途儲蓄與財富的關系應用財富與儲蓄2.4 實際GDP、物價指數(shù)以及通貨膨脹實際GDP物價指數(shù)專欄2.2 電腦革命與環(huán)比加權GDP專欄2.3 GPI通貨膨脹是否高估了生活成本的上升2.5 利率實際利率與名義利率第2篇 經(jīng)濟的長期表現(xiàn)第3章 生產(chǎn)率、產(chǎn)出與就業(yè)3.1 一個經(jīng)濟能生產(chǎn)多少?生產(chǎn)函數(shù)應用美國經(jīng)濟的生產(chǎn)函數(shù)與美國的生產(chǎn)率增長生產(chǎn)函數(shù)的形狀供給沖擊3.2 勞動需求勞動邊際產(chǎn)量與勞動需求：一個例子工資的變動勞動邊際產(chǎn)量與勞動需求曲線導致勞動需求曲線移動的因素勞動總需求3.3 勞動供給收入一閑暇的權衡取舍實際工資與勞動供給勞動供給曲線勞動總供給應用比較美國與歐洲的勞動力市場3.4 勞動力市場均衡充分就業(yè)產(chǎn)出應用石油價格沖擊下的產(chǎn)出、就業(yè)與實際工資應用技術變革與工資差距3.5 失業(yè)失業(yè)的衡量走近宏觀經(jīng)濟：勞動力市場的數(shù)據(jù)就業(yè)狀況的改變?nèi)藗兪I(yè)的時間有多長為什么總有人失業(yè)3.6 產(chǎn)出與就業(yè)的關系：奧肯定律第4章 消費、儲蓄和投資4.1 消費和儲蓄個人消費和儲蓄決策當前收入變動的影響預期未來收入變動的影響應用消費者情緒與消費者支出預測財富變動的影響實際利率變動的影響財政政策走近宏觀經(jīng)濟：利率應用李嘉圖式減稅4.2 投資意愿資本存量意愿資本存量的變化應用衡量稅收對投資的影響從意愿資本存量到投資庫存和住宅的投資專欄41投資與股票市場4.3 產(chǎn)品市場均衡儲蓄一投資圖應用股票價格漲落的宏觀經(jīng)濟影響第5章 開放經(jīng)濟中的儲蓄與投資5.1 國際收支核算經(jīng)常賬戶走近宏觀經(jīng)濟：國際收支賬戶資本與金融賬戶經(jīng)常賬戶與資本和金融賬戶之間的關系專欄5.1 火星上有經(jīng)常賬戶盈余嗎國外凈資產(chǎn)與國際收支賬戶應用美國：國際債務國5.2 開放經(jīng)濟中的產(chǎn)品市場均衡5.3 小型開放經(jīng)濟中的儲蓄與投資小型開放經(jīng)濟中經(jīng)濟沖擊的影響5.4 大型開放經(jīng)濟中的儲蓄與投資應用全球化對美國經(jīng)濟的影響應用美國經(jīng)常賬戶赤字的近期發(fā)展趨勢5.5 財政政策與經(jīng)常賬戶關鍵因素：國民儲蓄的反應政府預算赤字與國民儲蓄應用雙赤字第6章 長期經(jīng)濟增長6.1 經(jīng)濟增長的源泉增長核算應用1973年后生產(chǎn)率增長的減緩應用近期美國生產(chǎn)率的快速增長第3篇 經(jīng)濟周期與宏觀經(jīng)濟政策第4篇 宏觀經(jīng)濟政策：環(huán)境與機構

章節(jié)摘錄

　　Measuring the cyclical behavior of labor utilization is more difficult, but vari ous studies have found evidence that the utilization rate of labor is also procyclical. For example, Jon Fay and James Medoff of Harvard University sent question naires to large manufacturing enterprises, asking about employment and produc tion during the most recent downturn experienced at each plant. Fay and Medoff found that during a downturn the average plant surveyed cut production by 31％ and cut its total use of bfuecollar hours to 23％ below the normal level. Plant man agers estimated that total hours could have been reduced by an additional 6％ of the normal level without further reducing output. Of this 6％ of normal hours, about half （3％ of normal hours） were typically assigned to various types of useful work, including equipment maintenance and overhaul, painting, cleaning, reworking output, and training. The remaining 3％ of normal hours were assigned to "make work" and other unproductive activities. These numbers suggest that firms utilize labor less intensively during recessions.　　The tendency to use workers less intensively in recessions than in expansions has been referred to as labor hoarding. Labor hoarding occurs when, because of the costs of firing and hiring workers, firms retain some workers in a recession that they would otherwise lay off. Firms keep these workers on the payroll to avoid the costs of laying off workers and then rehiring them or hiring and training new workers when the economy revives. Hoarded labor either works less hard during the recession （there is less to do） or is put to work doing tasks, such as maintaining equipment, that arent measured as part of the firms output. When the economy revives, the hoarded labor goes back to working in the normal way. In much the same way, it may not pay the restaurant owner to send her workers home between the hmch and dinner rush hours, with the result that restaurant workers are less productive during the slow afternoon period. This lower rate of productivity during recessions （or during the afternoon slow period, in the restaurant） doesnt reflect changes in the available technology, but only changes in the rate at which firms utilize capital and labor. Hence you should be cautious about interpreting cyclical changes in the Solow residual （equivalently, total factor productivity, A） as solely reflecting changes in technology.

編輯推薦

　　《宏觀經(jīng)濟學(第6版)》與現(xiàn)有中級宏觀經(jīng)濟學教科書相比，具有內(nèi)容全面和講述透徹的優(yōu)點。其行文深入淺出，饒有風趣。不僅是中級宏觀經(jīng)濟學的優(yōu)秀教科書，還可供學界以及對宏觀經(jīng)濟學感興趣的其他人士參考和使用。

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