固體物理學(xué)現(xiàn)代教程

內(nèi)容概要

Solid State Physics is the study of the state of solids. Its development is accompanied by the development of modern science and technology. It contains many fundamental concepts that are essential to a great number of branches of science, including those within as well as those outside physics. An exhausted list of these branches is intimidating. Here we just name a few: Condensed matter physics, material science, semiconductor physics, laser physics, spin-tronics, physical optics, electric engineering, and electronic engineering. In solids, there exist a variety of particles (including quasiparticles and elementary excitations) and interactions among them. These particles and interactions determine the potential applications of various solids. For example, the peculiar band structure of electrons in semiconductors lead to transis-tors that are the heart of everything electronic; the electron-photon interactions lead to laser diodes, photodiodes, and CCDs (coupled charge diodes); the electron-phonon interactions lead to piezoelectric materials; the electron spin-charge interactions lead to spintronics and quantum computation; the macroscopic quantum phenomena of 'electrons in metallic solids lead to superconductivity, with the strong correlation of electrons leading to high temperature superconductivity. Thus, it can be said that Solid State Physics is the study of the prop-erties of various particles in solids and the interactions among these particles as well as the interactions of these particles with external fields. Electrons and nuclei (or valence electrons and ions) are the basic constituents of solids, with many other quasiparticles or elementary excitations arising due to the interactions among themselves or due to their interactions with external fields.

書籍目錄

1 drude theory of metals 　1.1 drude model of a metal 　1.2 basic assumptions in the drude theory 　1.3 equation of motion 　1.4 electrical conductivity of a metal 　1.5 hall effect and magnetoresistance 　1.6 thermal conductivity of a metal 　1.7 inadequacies of the drude model 　problems 2 sommerfeld theory of metals 　2.1 single-electron energy levels 　2.2 ground state of the electron gas 　2.3 finite-temperature properties of the electron gas 　2.4 conductions in metals 　2.5 inaccuracies of the sommerfeld theory 　problems 3 bravais lattice 　3.1 definition of a bravais lattice 　3.2 primitive vectors 　3.3 primitive unit cell 　3.4 wigner-seitz cell 　3.5 conventional unit cell 　3.6 lattice vectors 　3.7 bravais lattices in two dimensions 　3.8 bravais lattices in three dimensions 　3.9 mathematical description of a bravais lattice 　problems 4 point groups 　4.1 point symmetry operations 　4.2 group 　4.3 point groups for crystal structures 　problems 5 classification of bravais lattices 　5.1 lattice centerings 　5.2 criteria of classification of bravais lattices 　5.3 seven crystal systems 　5.4 crystallographic point groups 　5.5 summary 　problems 6 space groups of crystal structures 　6.1 nonsymmorphic symmetry operations 　6.2 notation of a space group 　6.3 symmorphic space groups 　6.4 nonsymmorphic space groups 　6.5 typical crystal structures 　problems 7 scattering of x-rays by a crystal 　7.1 general description of x-ray scattering 　7.2 scattering of x-rays by an atom 　7.3 scattering of x-rays by a primitive cell 　7.4 scattering of x-rays by a crystal 　problems 8 reciprocal lattice 　8.1 derivation of the reciprocal lattice 　8.2 reciprocal lattices of two-dimensional bravais lattices 　8.3 reciprocal lattices of three-dimensional bravais lattices 　8.4 brillouin zones 　8.5 reciprocal lattice vectors and lattice planes 　8.6 alternative definition of miller indices 　8.7 interplanar distances in families of lattice planes 　problems 9 theories and experiments of x-ray diffraction 　9.1 characteristic x-ray lines 　9.2 bragg's theory of x-ray diffraction 　9.3 von laue's theory of x-ray diffraction 　9.4 equivalence of bragg's and von laue's theories 　9.5 experimental methods of x-ray diffraction 　9.6 diffraction by a polyatomic crystal with a basis 　problems 10 crystal structure by neutron diffraction 　10.1 neutrons 　10.2 elastic neutron scattering 　10.3 powder diffraction 　10.4 pair distribution function analysis 　10.5 neutron and x-ray diffraction 　10.6 rietveld profile refinement 　problems 11 bonding in solids 　11.1 ionic bonds 　11.2 covalent bonds 　11.3 metallic bonds 　11.4 van der waals bonds 　11.5 hydrogen bonds 　11.6 classificatiofi of crystalline solids 　problems 12 cohesion of solids 　12.1 definition of energies of cohesion 　12.2 cohesive energies of molecular crystals 　12.3 lattice energies of ionic crystals 　12.4 cohesive er/ergies of alkali metals 　problems 13 normal modes of lattice vibrations 　13.1 born-oppenheimer approximation 　13.2 lattice potential energy and harmonic approximation 　13.3 normal modes of a one-dimensional crystal 　13.4 normal modes of a one-dimensional ionic crystal 　13.5 normal modes of a 3d monatomic crystal 　13.6 normal modes of a 3d crystal with a basis 　problems 14 quantum theory of lattice vibrations 　14.1 classical theory of the lattice specific heat 　14.2 quantization of lattice vibrations 　14.3 phonon density of states 　14.4 lattice specific heat of solids 　14.5 debye model 　14.6 einstein model 　14.7 effect of thermal expansion on phonon frequencies 　14.8 specific heat of a metal 　problems 15 inelastic neutron scattering by phonons 　15.1 experimental techniques 　15.2 description of neutron scattering 　15.3 double differential cross-section 　15.4 elastic scattering 　15.5 inelastic scattering 　15.6 phonon dispersion relations in tetragonal lacu204 　problems 16 origin of electronic energy bands 　16.1 bloch's theorem 　16.2 periodic 5-potentials 　16.3 schemes for displaying electronic band structure 　16.4 free-electron band structures 　16.5 fermi surface 　16.6 density of states in an energy band 　16.7 electronic band structures of real solids 　16.8 group velocity of an electron in an energy band 　problems 17 electrons in a weak periodic potential 　17.1 one-dimensional w'eak periodic potential 　17.2 three-dimensional weak periodic potential 　problems 18 methods for band structure computations 　18.1 fundamental problem in an electronic energy band theory 　18.2 hartree-fock method 　18.3 plane-wave method 　18.4 k•p method 　18.5 augmented-plane-wave method 　18.6 linearized-augmented-plane-wave method 　18.7 linear-muffin-tin-orbitals method 　18.8 kkr method 　18.9 orthogonalized-plane-wave method 　18.10 tight-binding method 　problems 19 dynamics of bloch electrons in electric fields 　19.1 velocity of an electron in a single-electron state 　19.2 semiclassical equation of motion 　19.3 current density 　19.4 holes 　19.5 bloch oscillations 　19.6 wannier-bloch and wannier-stark states 　problems 20 fundamentals of semiconductors 　20.1 classification of semiconductors 　20.2 electronic band structures of semiconductors 　20.3 intrinsic semiconductors 　20.4 hnpurity states 　20.5 semiconductor statistics 　20.6 electrical conductivity and mobility 　20.7 excitons 　20.8 carrier diffusion 　problems index physical constants mathematical constants and formulas

章節(jié)摘錄

版權(quán)頁:Chapter 1 Drude Theory o MetalsWe start our journey into the terrain of the solid state physics with our visit to the two early theories of metals: The Drude and Sommerfeld theories. Studying these two early theories is definitely worthy of the efforts because they are still in use nowadays and because knowing their failures will certainly give us motivation to pursue further study to see how we can overcome some of their failures in the modern theory of solids. This undertaking also serves as an introduction to the history of theoretical solid state physics and an attestation for the need of the development of the modern theory of solids.……

編輯推薦

《固體物理學(xué)現(xiàn)代教程》編輯推薦：In solids， there exist a variety of particles （including quasiparticles and elementary excitations） and interactions among them. These particles and interactions determine the potential applications of various solids.

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