出版時(shí)間:2010-1 出版社:外語(yǔ)教學(xué)與研究出版社 作者:魯思·貝內(nèi)迪克特 頁(yè)數(shù):320
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內(nèi)容概要
《菊與刀(英文)》內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介:“菊”是日本皇室家徽,“刀”是武家文化的象征?!毒张c刀(英文)》揭示了日本人的本質(zhì)性格,亦即日本文化的雙重性。作者用了一串矛盾的文字來(lái)形容他們,“黷武而又愛(ài)美;倨傲自尊而又彬彬有禮;頑梗不化而又柔弱善變;馴服而又不愿受人擺布;忠貞而又易于叛變;勇敢而又懦弱;保守而又十分歡迎新的生活方式”,足以說(shuō)明日本人性格和日本文化的雙重性?!毒张c刀(英文)》一書(shū)名被定為“菊與刀”,乃爾。菊、刀,兩種充滿強(qiáng)烈對(duì)比的符號(hào)組合在一起,成為日本獨(dú)特的文化氣質(zhì)。
作者簡(jiǎn)介
作者:(美國(guó))魯思?貝內(nèi)迪克特(Ruth Benedict)
魯思·貝尼迪克特是美國(guó)當(dāng)代著名文化人類學(xué)家、民族學(xué)家、詩(shī)人。1919年進(jìn)入哥倫比亞大學(xué),1923年獲博士學(xué)位。1927年研究印第安部落的文化,寫成《文化的類型》(Patterns
of Culture,1934年出版)一書(shū)。1940年著《種族:科學(xué)與政治》(Race:Science and
Politics),批判種族歧視。第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間從事對(duì)羅馬尼亞、荷蘭、德國(guó)、泰國(guó)等國(guó)民族性的研究,而以對(duì)日本的研究,即《菊與刀》一書(shū)成就最大。
書(shū)籍目錄
Acknowledgments
1. Assignment: Japan
2. The Japanese in the War
3. Taking One's Proper Station
4. The Meiji Reform
5. Debtor to the Ages and the World
6. Repaying One-Ten-Thousandth
7. The Repayment ‘Hardest to Bear’
8. Cleating One's Name
9. The Circle of Human Feelings
10. The Dilemma of Virtue
11. Self-Discipline
12. The Child Learns
13. The Japanese Since VJ-Day
Glossary
章節(jié)摘錄
THE JAPANESE were the most alien enemy the United Stateshad ever fought in an all-out struggle. In no other war witha major foe had it been necessary to take into account suchexceedingly different habits of acting and thinking. LikeCzarist Russia before us in 1905, we were fighting a nationfully armedand trained which did not belong to the Westerncultural tradition. Conventions of war which Western na-tions had come to accept as facts of human nature obvi-ously did not exist for the Japanese. It made the war in thePacific more than a series of landings on island beaches,more than an unsurpassed problem of logistics. It made it amajor problem in the nature of the enemy. We had to under-stand their behavior in order to cope with it. The difficulties were great. During the past seventy-fiveyears since Japans closed doors were opened, the Japanesohave been described in the most fantastic series of butalsos ever used for any nation of the world. When a seri-ous observer is writing about peoples other than the/apa-nese and says they are unprecedentedly polite, he is notlikely to add.
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