馬克.吐溫自傳

前言

In this Autobiography I shall keep in mind the fact that I am speakingfrom the grave. I am literally speaking from the grave, because Ishall be dead when the book issues from the press.I speak from the grave rather than with my living tongue for a goodreason: I can speak thence freely. When a man is writing a book dealingwith the privacies of his life——a book which is to be read while he is stillalive——he shrinks from speaking his whole frank mind; all his attemptsto do it fail; he recognizes that he is trying to do a thing which is whollyimpossible to a human being. The frankest and freest and privatest productof the human mind and heart is a love letter; the writer gets his limitlessfreedom of statement and expression from his sense that no stranger isgoing to see what he is writing. Sometimes there is a breach-of-promiseease by and by; and when he sees his letter in print it makes him cruellyuncomfortable and he perceives that he never would have unbosomedhimself to that large and honest degree if he had known that he was writingfor the public. He cannot find anything in the letter that was not true,honest and respectworthy; but no matter, he would have been very muchmore reserved if he had known he was writing for print.It has seemed to me that I could be as frank and free and unembarrassedas a love letter if I knew that what I was writing could be exposed to no eyeuntil I was dead, and unaware and indifferent.

內(nèi)容概要

《馬克·吐溫自傳》講述了馬克·吐溫——世界著名短篇小說(shuō)大師，美國(guó)批判現(xiàn)實(shí)主義文學(xué)的奠基人——經(jīng)歷了美國(guó)從“自由”資本主義到帝國(guó)主義的轉(zhuǎn)變，他的思想和作品風(fēng)格也呈現(xiàn)出從輕快調(diào)笑，到辛辣諷刺，再到悲觀厭世的改變。馬克·吐溫不受歐洲傳統(tǒng)的束縛，以新大陸人的眼光看待事物，提倡并開(kāi)辟了“運(yùn)用口語(yǔ)進(jìn)行創(chuàng)作”的獨(dú)特文體，他因此被譽(yù)為“美國(guó)文學(xué)史上的林肯”，為歐美文學(xué)的發(fā)展做出了巨大的貢獻(xiàn)。

作者簡(jiǎn)介

作者：（美國(guó)）馬克·吐溫（Mark Twain）
馬克·吐溫（Mark
Twain），生于美國(guó)密蘇里州一個(gè)貧窮的拓荒者家庭。幼年在密西西比河邊過(guò)著無(wú)拘無(wú)束的生活。13歲時(shí)做過(guò)印刷所的學(xué)徒，此后從事過(guò)水手和領(lǐng)港員等多種工作。這些豐富的閱歷對(duì)他日后的文學(xué)創(chuàng)作產(chǎn)生了很大的影響。他因創(chuàng)作處女作《加利維拉縣有名的跳蛙》(1865)而聲名鵲起。此后，陸續(xù)發(fā)表了《湯姆·索亞歷險(xiǎn)記》(1876)、《密西西比河上的生活》(1883)和《哈克貝恩·費(fèi)恩歷險(xiǎn)記》(1885)等作品，成為美國(guó)文學(xué)的代表性作家。馬克·吐溫的文筆犀利幽默，文字清新有力，角度自然獨(dú)特，被譽(yù)為“美國(guó)文學(xué)領(lǐng)域的林肯”。
馬克·吐溫一改往日承襲歐洲文風(fēng)的做法，轉(zhuǎn)而描述美國(guó)人眼中的一切。他嫻熟地運(yùn)用俚語(yǔ)，自成一派風(fēng)格，在美國(guó)現(xiàn)代文學(xué)方面做出了不可磨滅的貢獻(xiàn)。

章節(jié)摘錄

I have not come across a better man than he was. I washis guest for two or three months every year, from the fourth year after weremoved to Hannibal till I was eleven or twelve years old. I have neverconsciously used him or his wife in a book but his farm has come veryhandy to me in literature once or twice. In Huck Finn and in Tom Sawyer,Detective I moved it down to Arkansas. It was all of six hundred milesbut it was no trouble; it was not a Very large farm——five hundred acres,perhaps——but I could have done it if it had been twice as large. And asfor the morality of it, I cared nothing for that; I would move a state if theexigencies of literature required it.It was a heavenly place for a boy, that farm of my uncle John's. Thehouse was a double log one, with a spacious floor （roofed in） connectingit with the kitchen. In the summer the table was set in the middle of thatshady and breezy floor, and the sumptuous meals——well, it makes me cryto think of them. Fried chicken, roast pig; wild and tame turkeys, ducksand geese; venison just killed; squirrels, rabbits, pheasants, partridges,prairie-chickens; biscuits, hot batter cakes, hot buckwheat cakes, hot"wheat bread," hot rolls, hot corn pone; fresh corn boiled on the ear,succotash, butter-beans, string-beans, tomatoes, peas, Irish potatoes, sweetpotatoes; buttermilk, sweet milk, "clabber"; watermelons, muskmelons,cantaloupes——all fresh from the garden; apple pie, peach pie, pumpkin pie,apple dumplings, peach cobbler——I can't remember the rest. The way thatthe things were cooked was perhaps the main splendor——particularly acertain few of the dishes. For instance.……

編輯推薦

《馬克·吐溫自傳》是世界文學(xué)史上的精品。古往今來(lái)，一個(gè)著名作家在創(chuàng)作過(guò)程中，一開(kāi)始便宣布不準(zhǔn)在生前發(fā)表其自傳，只準(zhǔn)在死后發(fā)表，以保證自傳中的千言萬(wàn)語(yǔ)，句句說(shuō)的是真話，這在文學(xué)史上還無(wú)先例。不少自傳與傳記，津津樂(lè)道于顯要人物，獨(dú)獨(dú)對(duì)平頭老百姓的生活與命運(yùn)沒(méi)有多大興趣，這和幽默大師馬克·吐溫的平民意識(shí)與民主意識(shí)形成了極大反差。馬克·吐溫為《自傳》選材的原則就是挑選平頭百姓生活中頗具生命力的事情，仿佛可笑、甚至怪誕，而又含有深意、值得玩味，這也就是具有馬克·吐溫式幽默情趣的東西。這樣的幽默，曾使世界上很多讀者為之向往?！洞髱熃?jīng)典文庫(kù)》系列包括世界著名的思想家、哲學(xué)家、歷史學(xué)家和心理學(xué)家的經(jīng)典學(xué)術(shù)專(zhuān)著，以及我國(guó)古代哲學(xué)典籍的權(quán)威英譯本，為廣大英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者提供了高質(zhì)量的閱讀文本，也是各類(lèi)社會(huì)科學(xué)研究工作者必備的學(xué)術(shù)資料。

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